nasim habibi; Morteza Almassi; Hossein Bakhoda
Abstract
Among different types of biomass, the inherent advantages of microalgae have made them a useful source for biofuel production. The hydrothermal liquefaction process is one of the thermochemical processes that has attracted the attention of researchers due to its advantages such as the production of valuable ...
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Among different types of biomass, the inherent advantages of microalgae have made them a useful source for biofuel production. The hydrothermal liquefaction process is one of the thermochemical processes that has attracted the attention of researchers due to its advantages such as the production of valuable products and low energy consumption. The aim of this article is to investigate the production of biofuel from spirulina microalgae using the hydrothermal liquefaction process in a subcritical water environment in a laboratory and discontinuous manner. The results of detailed elemental analysis of biofuel showed that the amount of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur and nitrogen of raw biofuel is equal to 68.27, 15.56, 3.08 and 0.38 percent, respectively. In addition, the produced biofuel compounds were analyzed by infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic analysis, the results of which confirm the production of clean fuel compared to fossil fuels.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and CHN analyzer were used for analyzing the samples. The result showed that the products of hydrothermal process consisted of different range of hydrocarbons almost similar to hydrocarbon chain available in fuel oil (gasoline). Also, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur contents of the oil obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction process, was consistent with those reports provided by other similar studies.This research has proved that hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising process for converting micro algae to bio oil and emphasizing the effect of pretreatment on improving the oil production.
Farid Tamhidi; Morteza Almassi; Mohamad Ghahdarijani; Hossein Bakhoda
Abstract
Iran has special potentials in the field of medicinal plants, a field that have received less attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of different stages of production of Rosa damascena and to select appropriate strategies for selecting and developing appropriate technology ...
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Iran has special potentials in the field of medicinal plants, a field that have received less attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of different stages of production of Rosa damascena and to select appropriate strategies for selecting and developing appropriate technology in the country to lower the costs of production. The research method was descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting statistics and information required for the research was using a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews with farmers and experts producing and studying medicinal plants in three provinces: Isfahan, Kerman and Fars. The total number of questionnaires (Cochran method) in this study was 60. In this research, SWOT analysis model was used to investigate the mechanization situation in different stages of medicinal plant production Factors such as strength, weakness, opportunity and threat have been identified and analyzed in the matrix. Based on the research results, in the evaluation matrix of internal factors (weakness and strength), the sum of the final score was 2.75, which showed that the strengths were higher than the weaknesses. Also, the matrix of external factors (threat and opportunity) with a total score of 2.83 showed that in the current situation, it was possible to show an appropriate strategic response to threats by strengthening opportunities. Therefore, aggressive strategy (SO) was found the best strategy to move towards improving and developing mechanization in Rosa damascena farms in those provinces. Top strategies were also identified through quantitative strategic planning matrix or QSPM in offensive strategy.
